Another really good resource I just discovered is Joshua Greene's work
on moral cognition. This link has several studies he's done on both
quick and slow moral processes, roughly analogous to Haidt's intuitional
and Kohlberg's rational traits.
And this Greene interview on the evolution of morality.
"Biologically
at least, we only evolved to cooperate in a tribal way. Individuals who
were more moral—more cooperative with those around them—could
outcompete others who were not. However, we have the capacity to take a
step back from this and ask what a more global morality would look like.
[...] If a morality is a system that allows individuals to form a group
and to get along with each other, then the challenge is to devise a
system that allows different groups to get along—what I call a
meta-morality."
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